Title:

Write a concise and specific title that reflects the study’s objective and scope. Include the key concept, method/approach, and target, and avoid vague wording, unnecessary abbreviations, and overly broad claims. Use sentence case and ensure it is clear to an international audience.

Author and affiliations:

List all authors using a consistent name format (e.g., given name followed by family name). Provide complete affiliations for each author, including department, faculty/school, institution, city, and country. Mark the corresponding author with an asterisk (*) and include a valid professional email address. Ensure authorship includes only individuals who made substantial contributions to the study and manuscript.

Abstract:

The abstract should be a self-contained summary of the study’s background, aim, methods, key results, and main conclusion, with a maximum of 250 words. Start with 1–2 sentences of rationale, then state the objective. Briefly describe the main approach and essential methods, and report the most important findings with quantitative values where possible (e.g., IC₅₀, MIC, docking score, yield, particle size, p-value). Conclude with an evidence-based statement of significance. Avoid citations, undefined abbreviations, and unnecessary methodological detail.

Keyword:

Provide 4–6 keywords that reflect the study’s core topics and support indexing. Use technical terms commonly used in international literature, avoid repeating words from the title, and prioritize terms describing (1) the main material/compound, (2) the main method, (3) the biological/clinical context, and (4) the analytical or computational approach.

Introduction:

The Introduction should provide scientific context and justify the need for the study. Begin with the broader problem, its relevance in pharmaceutical science, and its global or clinical significance. Then narrow to the specific topic and summarize current evidence using recent, high-quality references. Clearly identify the research gap that motivates the study, and end with the study aim and novelty. The final paragraph should explicitly state the objectives and, if applicable, the hypothesis.

Material and method:

This section should provide enough detail to allow reproducibility. Present methods in a logical order, mainly in the past tense, and include critical parameters that may affect results. Use subheadings for clarity and ensure all procedures are ethically and scientifically appropriate. For standard protocols, cite the original method and describe any modifications.

Result and discussion:

This combined section should present the results and their interpretation in a clear, coherent narrative. Organize it based on the study objectives or experimental workflow. Present key findings objectively, supported by tables and figures, then interpret their significance and compare them with previous studies to highlight consistency, novelty, or differences. Emphasize mechanistic insights, structure–activity relationships, formulation performance, or biological relevance as appropriate. Avoid excessive repetition of numerical data; instead, focus on major trends and implications. Acknowledge limitations and provide balanced, evidence-based conclusions.

Table and figure:

Tables and figures should improve clarity and be understandable without referring to the main text. Cite each table and figure in numerical order and provide a descriptive caption. Use consistent units, significant figures, and formatting, and avoid presenting the same data in both a table and a figure. Define all abbreviations in table footnotes or figure captions. Graphs must include labelled axes, units, and legends. Ensure images, spectra, and schemes are high resolution and professionally formatted.

Conclusion:

The conclusion should briefly summarize the key findings in line with the study objectives and provide an evidence-based take-home message. Highlight the main contribution and novelty without repeating the full Results section. Do not introduce new data or citations. If relevant, mention implications for pharmaceutical development, clinical application, or future research. Keep it concise, clear, and scientifically grounded.

Acknowledgement:

Acknowledge individuals, laboratories, institutions, or funding bodies that supported the study but do not meet authorship criteria. Mention specific contributions such as technical assistance, material support, or use of institutional facilities. If applicable, state the funding sponsor and grant number clearly, in line with international publishing standards.

Author contribution:

State each author’s contribution clearly using a standardized taxonomy (e.g., Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Data Curation, Writing—Original Draft, Writing—Review & Editing, Supervision). Ensure the roles reflect the actual work performed and have been agreed upon by all authors. This statement supports transparency, accountability, and compliance with international journal policies.

Reference:

List all references consistently in the journal’s required format (e.g., Vancouver style). Ensure the accuracy of author names, article titles, journal titles, volume, issue, pages, and DOI. Prioritize recent peer-reviewed sources (last 5–10 years) while including landmark references when needed. Avoid overusing non-peer-reviewed sources unless essential (e.g., WHO reports or official guidelines). Ensure all in-text citations match the reference list and that no uncited references are included.